Binding of intronic miRNAs to the mRNAs of host genes encoding intronic miRNAs and proteins that participate in tumourigenesis

In this study, we examined 615 host genes encoding 915 in-miRNAs as possible targets for interactions with all in-miRNAs. Host genes whose proteins are involved in esophageal, gastric, small bowel, colorectal, and breast cancer development were studied. Unique in-miRNA binding sites with a significance of p<0.0005 were found in the 5′UTRs, CDSs, and 3′UTRs of the host genes encoding proteins that are key participants in tumourigenesis. These data shed light on the interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs and on the role of candidate proteins in cancer. Therefore, our findings have potential application in the development of diagnostic and treatment methods.     

对医学论著中实验动物种类与数量分布的探讨

目的:掌握论著研究对象中实验动物的种类及数量,为实验动物的数量提供和管理评价提供依据。方法:阅读武警医学院学报论著内容,记录研究对象中实验动物的种类和数量。结果:在刊载的791篇论著中,有183篇涉及动物实验,占23.14%。实验动物的总需求量为7 612只。结论:在实验动物的饲养和管理上要着眼于医学科学研究的需要,确保实验动物的种类、数量和质量。     

肺动脉栓塞不同时相的尿激酶溶栓疗效观察的实验研究

目的探讨肺动脉栓塞不同时相的尿激酶溶栓的疗效。方法成功制作11头小型猪肺动脉栓塞实验模型(另1头死于出血性肺梗死),以尿激酶作为溶栓剂,观察在栓塞不同时相(栓塞术后30min、栓塞术后10天、术后30天)的溶栓治疗效果。结果实验小型猪在肺动脉栓塞急性期(3头次)以尿激酶15×104U溶栓治疗后被栓塞肺动脉恢复通畅;亚急性期(3头次)以30×104U尿激酶后得到同样结果;慢性期(3头次)以50×104U尿激酶溶栓后,肺动脉三级分支内的血栓完全溶解,再追加5×104U尿激酶,肺动脉四级分支内血栓明显减少。结论肺动脉栓塞不同时相的尿激酶溶栓治疗均有一定的疗效,急性期和亚急性期较慢性期的疗效好,不同时相的溶栓治疗所需尿激酶剂量随栓塞时间延长而呈递增趋势。     

单增李斯特菌1/2c血清型菌株生物膜相关基因分析及耐药性研究

目的 了解单增李斯特菌1/2c血清型菌株与其他血清型菌株的生物膜相关基因和抗生素耐药性是否有差异。方法 采用聚合酶链反应技术对19个生物膜相关基因全长扩增测序分析,并与参考菌株EGD-e序列进行比对确定基因变异情况;根据K-B纸片法对选取的实验菌株进行药敏实验。结果 氨基酸序列比对发现1/2c血清型菌株的flaA基因编码的氨基酸在141位点发生突变,其他血清型菌株则没有,1/2c血清型菌株在prfA基因编码的89氨基酸位点、luxS基因编码的112和140氨基酸位点都不发生突变,其他血清型菌株则发生突变。78.43%的1/2c血清型菌株对头孢西丁中度敏感,对氨苄西林、米诺环素、利福平和呋喃妥因有不同程度的耐药。结论 不同血清型单增李斯特菌的flaA、luxS、prfA 3个基因编码的氨基酸在某些位点突变有一定的规律性;1/2c血清型单增李斯特菌对某些抗生素呈现不同程度的耐药。     

Rapid identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes by cpsB gene-based sequetyping combined with multiplex PCR

Background/purposeStreptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen that causes invasive infections in adults and children. Accurate serotyping is important to study its epidemiological distribution and to assess vaccine efficacy.MethodsInvasive S. pneumoniae isolates (n = 300) from 27 teaching hospitals in China were studied. The Quellung reaction was used as the gold standard to identify the S. pneumoniae serotypes. Subsequently, multiplex PCR and cpsB gene-based sequetyping methods were used to identify the serotypes.ResultsBased on the Quellung reaction, 299 S. pneumoniae isolates were accurately identified to the serotype level and 40 different serotypes were detected. Only one strain was non-typeable, and five most common serotypes were identified: 23F (43, 14.3%), 19A (41, 13.7%), 19F (41, 13.7%), 3 (31, 10.3%), and 14 (27, 9.0%). Overall, the multiplex PCR method identified 73.3 and 20.7% of the isolates to the serotype and cluster levels, respectively, with 1.7% of the isolates misidentified. In contrast, the cpsB sequetyping method identified 59.0 and 30.3% of the isolates to the serotype and cluster levels, respectively, and 7% were misidentified.ConclusionsThe cpsB gene sequetyping method combined with multiplex PCR, can greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of serotyping, besides reducing the associated costs.     

猪静脉空气栓塞模型的经食管超声心动图实验研究

目的观察空气栓子在猪右心腔内的超声声像图变化及猪静脉空气栓塞的致死量。方法经6头健康梅白猪的颈内静脉依次注入0.05~4ml/kg空气,经食管超声心动图连续观察猪右心腔内声像图变化,并记录静脉空气栓塞的致死量。结果随着注入的空气量增加,右心腔内游动的点状强回声逐渐增多,甚至充满整个心腔,然后逐渐分散消失,排空时间为15s~40min,其中1头实验猪发生反常栓塞。猪静脉空气栓塞的累积致死量为276~667ml。结论经食管超声心动图能敏感检测猪右心腔中空气栓子的超声表现,健康梅白猪静脉空气栓塞的平均累积致死量为(397±105)ml。     

肝衰竭合并侵袭性肺曲霉菌病的危险因素和胸部影像特征分析

目的：探讨肝衰竭患者合并侵袭性曲霉菌病的临床特征、危险因素及胸部影像特征。方法对20例肝衰竭合并肺侵袭性曲霉菌病（IPA）的临床特征、实验室指标以及胸部CT进行回顾性分析。结果463例肝衰竭患者中发生侵袭性曲霉菌病20例（4.3%）,其中药物性肝病7例、自身免疫性肝病6例、代谢性肝病2例、乙型肝炎5例。肝衰竭合并IPA的危险因素包括：70%患者长期使用2种以上抗生素,60%患者有糖皮质激素暴露史,55%患者CD4＋T淋巴细胞计数≤400/mm3。胸部平片缺乏特征性改变,而肺部CT改变以双肺多发结节和近胸膜楔形实变最为常见,晕轮征和新月形空气征较少。5例IPA患者经伏立康唑治愈,其余死亡或自动出院。结论肝衰竭患者易发侵袭性肺曲霉菌病,多数患者具有深部真菌感染的危险因素,胸部CT特征对于肝衰竭合并IPA具有重要的提示价值。     

预期作用对大鼠皮层-丘脑神经元伤害性反应的调节

目的:探索与痛觉预期特异相关的脑区,并研究预期作用对大鼠丘脑-皮层神经元伤害性反应的影响。方法:采用经典的声音-激光条件反射模型使大鼠产生痛觉的确定性预期,同时采用多通道单位放电同步记录技术观察预期状态下前扣带回(ACC)、中央杏仁核(CeA)、丘脑背内侧核(MD)以及初级躯体感觉皮层(SI)的神经元群对预期信号和随后伤害性激光刺激的反应模式。结果:(1)ACC和MD对预期信号的反应幅度和比例以及SI的抑制性反应比例在条件化后显著增加;(2)条件化能够显著增强四个脑区神经元对伤害性反应的幅度和比例,且在训练过程中增强的幅度最大。结论:ACC、MD和SI可能是参与预期信号编码的特异性脑区;预期效应,特别是预期形成过程能显著增强中枢的痛反应。